Burgos CF was founded in 1936, also known as Gimnástica Burgalesa Club de Fútbol. In 1983, the side disappeared due to serious economic problems and the reserve team, Burgos Promesas, was renamed Real Burgos Club de Fútbol.

From 1990–93, the club managed three La Liga presences, with a 9th place in its second season. The final league season of Real Burgos in the fourth division was 1995–96: after being relegated to the category in 1994 for failing to pay its players, it was readmitted the following year, folding after one sole season. For the following decade, the club survived, but did not compete in any category of the Spanish football pyramid.

In 2011–12, Real Burgos returned to activity, taking part in the regional championships of Castile and León.